2pac Shakur :: Tupac Amur Shakur

Tupac (Two-pahk) Amur Shakur, commonly known as 2pac, led a violent career.He died on September 13, 1996. He was a gangsta smashper/Aspiring actor. Tupac wasa big figure in the rap community, always doing what he wanted and not caringwhat others thought of him. His life symbolized what a lot of people have gonethrough, through his music and movies he showed us how hard life can be.Tupac was born in Brooklyn, NY in 1971. His family and he moved toBaltimore, Maryland early in his life. He took Performing Arts classes at hisschool his teachers said he looked promising. He never consummate school. Hedropped out and moved to a small town outside Oakland, CA (Associated),however he did go to college and finish his high school credits. entirely his life he was raised by his mom, with his sister. He always led aviolent life April 5, 1993, he assaulted a fellow rapper with a baseball bat.October 31, 1993, he was charged with shooting two off duty police officers. Thecharges were later drop ped. November 19, 1993, he was convicted of sexualassault (Death).In November 1994, Tupac himself was go during an attempted robberyoutside a music studio in New York. Tupac did, however, mention this Thug lifeto me is dead. If its real, let somebody else represent it because Im hackneyed ofit. Shakur told Vibe Magazine. I represented it too much. I was Thug Life(Associated).Tupac had a very promising career. His first album 2pacallyps Now wasvery successful. non too late after that his movie Juice was released in 1992.He released two more albums titled Strictly for my Niggaz and Me against theworld and two more movies poetical Justice (1993) and Above the Rim(1994).His last album, All Eyes on Me sold over 6 million copies and was the firstdouble CD for rap music. (Thuglife)(Associated)403 p.m. PDT, Friday, September 13, Tupac died of respiratory failure andcardio-pulmonary arrest at University Medical Center, Las Vegas(Payne). He diedof bullet wounds to the abdomen and chest at the young age of 25 (Unofficial).Shakur was crevice four times in the chest and abdomen. Police believe he was thetarget. He lingered in a coma before he died. So far police have no suspects.All they are saying is that the people were in a white cadillac, not from LasVegas where he was shot (Associated).

Country of Origin Meat Labeling :: essays research papers

A large problem that has arose in our country is Country of Origin (COO) tenderness labeling. Imported total is not labeled with its origin and has become a great problem because of the lack of universal packaging and processing laws. The United States imports meat from 26 foreign countries. This means when you buy a package of hamburger from your local grocery store it could contain meat from anywhere in the world. some other countries meat isnt the same quality as US meat. Some meat comes from countries such as china where it is legal to feed livestock groundwork up bone meal from scraped animals. In which that bone meal can carry such diseases such as mad cow disease or a variety of other ailments. Other variances to US policy argon things such as pesticides (rodent killer), insecticides (bug killer), and herbicides (weed killer). And when these poisons are used around livestock, they eat them also and are incorporated into the meat you buy at the supermarket. Furthermore, s ome foreign countries have no sanitation in the way livestock are produced. Some are grown on disease and urine infected water and food. So without labeling of meat origins, the consumer does not know what they are buying which should be immediately changed.The foeman to meat labeling laws claims it is too much regulation and cost to gyrate through unnecessary protocols just to label the meat. But obviously the opposition very has no defense and just doesnt want their product to plummet once the truth is shown to the consumer. Once labels are applied to meat countries with notorious standards and insalubrious practices will be justly shut out of the market.

Bob Dylan :: essays research papers

Bob Dylan As a child Dylan was comfortable being the center of precaution, often writing creative numbers for his mother and on occasion singing. Dylan had no formal unison lessons, but none the less he began to compose. Later at age 14, he took up the guitar and shortly after formed a band, one of many he played the guitar in. Always plunging ahead, do to his up most potentional, Dylan absorbed his surroundings as a source of inspiration. Even during his early efforts Dylan responded very positivly to mainstream musicians, such(prenominal) as country star Hank Williams. Yet, he responded especially well to early rock stars such as Little Richard, Elvis Presley and Jerry Lee Lewis. In the summer of 1959, after graduation Dylan began to work at a cafe, where he began to pay increasing attention to folksingers such as Judy Collins and Jesse Fuller. Finding an instant connection with their songs, songs relevant to social issues. Dylan was drawn into both the musical style and the so cial message of these indivisuals.      In 1959 he left for college, but instead of consentrating on his studies he devoted himself to his music. He sang wherever he could, his performance style, a nasal tad with annunciation problems sometimes drew applause while other times critisism, yet this would later became his trademark sound. It was also around this time when he began performing with a guitar and harmonica. It was during his performing days in Dinkytown that the young Bob Zimmerman first began using Bob Dylan as his stage name. No clear reason fag end be assertained for the choice of Dylan. Whatever its source, the name gave him a public image distinct from his Jewish heritage, enhancing his already growing career.      Beyond this, an influential figure stepped into the strike in his life. Woody Guthrie, a dieing folksinger emerged, consuming Dyalns attention. After Guthries death in 1967 Dyaln adopted his styles of a rough, hagar d voice with guitar accompaniment in a folk music orientation. By the end of 1960 Bob Zimmerman made his final step into becoming Bob Dylan, the last stage in his early life. He decided to buy the farm to New York, to try to make it "big".

Physiologic Effects of Insulin :: essays research papers

Stand on a streetcorner and ask people if they know what insulin is, and many will reply, "Doesntit have something to do with blood sugar?" Indeed, that is correct, hardly such a response is a bit likesaying "Mozart? Wasnt he some kind of a musician?" Insulin is a key sham in the control of intermediary metabolism. It has profound effectson both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and significant influences on protein andmineral metabolism. Consequently, derangements in insulin signalling have widespread anddevastating effects on many organs and tissues. The Insulin Receptor and Mechanism of ActionLike the receptors for other protein hormones, the receptor for insulin is embedded in the plasmamembrane. The insulin receptor is composed of two alpha subunits and two betasubunits linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha chains are entirely extracellular and houseinsulin binding domains, bandage the linked beta chains penetrate through the plasma membrane. The insulin re ceptor is a tyrosine kinase. In otherwords, it functions as an enzyme that transfersphosphate groups from ATP to tyrosine residues onintracellular target proteins. Binding of insulin to thealpha subunits causes the beta subunits to phosphorylatethemselves (autophosphorylation), thus activating thecatalytic activity of the receptor. The activated receptorthen phosphorylates a number of intracellular proteins,which in turn alters their activity, thereby generating abiological response. Several intracellular proteins have been identified asphosphorylation substrates for the insulin receptor, the best-studied of which is insulinreceptor substrate 1 or IRS-1. When IRS-1 is activated by phosphorylation, a lot of thingshappen. Among other things, IRS-1 serves as a type of docking center for recruitment andactivation of other enzymes that ultimately mediate insulins effects. A to a greater extent detailed look atthese processes is presented in the section on Insulin Signal Transduction. Ins ulin and Carbohydrate MetabolismGlucose is liberated from dietary carbohydrate such as stiffen or sucrose by hydrolysis within thesmall intestine, and is then absorbed into the blood. Elevated concentrations of glucose inblood energize release of insulin, and insulin acts on cells thoughout the body tostimulate uptake, utilization and storage of glucose. The effects of insulin on glucosemetabolism vary depending on the target tissue. Two important effects are Insulin facilitates entry of glucose into muscle, adipose and some(prenominal) other tissues.The only mechanism by which cells can take up glucose is by facilitated diffusion througha family of hexose transporters. In many tissues - muscle macrocosm a prime example - themajor transporter used for uptake of glucose (called GLUT4) is made available in theplasma membrane through the action of insulin.

THE LOST SHEEP, LOST COIN AND LOST SON Essay -- essays research papers

During rescuer life he was teaching in many different ways one of them was tell aparting the parables. Parable is an earthly score with the heavenly meaning. That means that savior was making up a story in which there would be a real wad, working of doing something that was common at that times. Sometimes he used the values whether material or spiritual, that were valuable in old times. So he was making everything to make the story project more realistic. But under the close of the poor man or woman and under the animal or a subject there was ever so something mach more complicated, something most his father, himself, and the people that were following the God or not.Jesus was telling the parable pretty often, usually the audience was tax collectors and the befuddled people that were passing by and stopped to listen Jesus stories. He told so many of them, but I think that the most important parables be about The Lost Sheep, Lost excise and Lost Son. Because, that are the parables where he shows that God Loves the Sinners. Those parables can be read only in Luke. The Lost Sheep and Lost Coin are almost certainly thematically related, along with the parable of The Lost Son, which follows them. Many people are thinking that The Lost Sheep and Lost Coin are actually a double parable. The Russian Bible proves it. In it those parables are written under the same heading.Luke places these parables as an address to both tax collectors and sinners, and Pharisees and teachers of the police force who were grumbling about Jesus association with those sinners. Thus, the parable becomes a response to the Pharisees charges as well as an announcement of the joy of finding the lost. Joachim Jeremias includes the parable of the lost coin as an "apologetic parable," or a defense against the critics of Jesus.1 So the parables of the lost sheep and lost coin are an apology, or defense, to Jesus critics, the Pharisees. At the same time, they are a proclamation of the good news to those who are lost.     Reading of the parable is not as easy as it looks at first. Jesus spoke to the people in such a way that they would not understand. He explained what He was saying to only a few, who themselves had difficulty grasping it and sometimes denied it outright. There are a lot of ways to understand or, it is better to say interpret, the parables of Jesus one way an... ...) hi gave him the spiritual resurrection and gave back the might that the son had before.Gods whap for us is past understanding. When some people did not welcome Jesus, James and John asked Jesus, Lord, do you want us to call harass down from heaven to destroy them?1213. Jesus then rebuked them. Jesus came to save sinners, not to destroy them.Heavenly Father loves the lost so frequently that he gave his most valuable treasure--his Son--to die for the lost. Jesus loves the lost so much that he willingly died for the lost. The main idea off those parables is that we must love the sinner as Jesus and his father did. We must not react to abuse, with more abuse. We must act when abused, with love and need to be very thoughtful not to become a stumbling stone for the lost. Rather, we need to become a stepping stone for the lost to reach Christ14. That is only a part of what parables tell us. It also tells us not to have judgmental attitude towards the lost. Like the oldest son had towards the youngest. The parable tells to demonstrate our love for sinners by bringing them to the Savior. Like Jesus did as he came to save the lost. So the main Point in those parables is GOD LOVES SINNERS.

THE LOST SHEEP, LOST COIN AND LOST SON Essay -- essays research papers

During Jesus life he was teaching in many different ways unitary of them was telling the parables. Parable is an earthly story with the heavenly meaning. That means that Jesus was making up a story in which there would be a real people, working of doing something that was common at that times. Sometimes he used the values whether material or spiritual, that were valuable in old times. So he was making everything to make the story look more realistic. But under the close of the poor man or woman and under the zoology or a subject there was always something mach more complicated, something about his father, himself, and the people that were following the God or not.Jesus was telling the parable elegant often, usually the audience was tax collectors and the confused people that were passing by and stopped to listen Jesus stories. He told so many of them, but I think that the most important parables be about The Lost Sheep, Lost Coin and Lost Son. Because, that are the parables whe re he shows that God Loves the Sinners. Those parables can be put down only in Luke. The Lost Sheep and Lost Coin are almost certainly thematically related, along with the parable of The Lost Son, which follows them. Many people are thinking that The Lost Sheep and Lost Coin are spotually a double parable. The Russian Bible proves it. In it those parables are written under the analogous heading.Luke places these parables as an address to both tax collectors and sinners, and Pharisees and teachers of the law who were grumbling about Jesus association with those sinners. Thus, the parable becomes a response to the Pharisees charges as well as an announcement of the joy of finding the lost. Joachim Jeremias includes the parable of the lost coin as an "apologetic parable," or a defense against the critics of Jesus.1 So the parables of the lost sheep and lost coin are an apology, or defense, to Jesus critics, the Pharisees. At the same time, they are a proclamation of the good news to those who are lost.     Reading of the parable is not as easy as it looks at first. Jesus spoke to the people in such a way that they would not understand. He explained what He was formulation to only a few, who themselves had difficulty grasping it and sometimes denied it outright. There are a lot of ways to understand or, it is better to say interpret, the parables of Jesus one way an... ...) hi gave him the spiritual resurrection and gave back the power that the son had before.Gods love for us is past understanding. When some people did not welcome Jesus, James and basin asked Jesus, Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to annihilate them?1213. Jesus then rebuked them. Jesus came to save sinners, not to destroy them.Heavenly Father loves the lost so much that he gave his most valuable treasure--his Son--to die for the lost. Jesus loves the lost so much that he volitionally died for the lost. The main idea off those parables is that w e must love the sinner as Jesus and his father did. We must not react to abuse, with more abuse. We must act when abused, with love and need to be very careful not to become a stumbling stone for the lost. Rather, we need to become a stepping stone for the lost to reach Christ14. That is only a part of what parables tell us. It also tells us not to have judgmental attitude towards the lost. Like the oldest son had towards the youngest. The parable tells to record our love for sinners by bringing them to the Savior. Like Jesus did as he came to save the lost. So the main Point in those parables is GOD LOVES SINNERS.

Import Substitution Industries Essay

There is a belief among some economists that a do important should focus more on trade sector explanation and diversification than promoting the merchandise substitution Industries (ISI). Critically comment on this taking Sri Lankan prudence as an example. You are expected to refer relevant articles from recognized sources on the said areas and provide your own views and analysis with proper reasoning. Export elbow room shipping the safe(p)s and service out of the port of a country. An import is a good brought into a jurisdiction, especially across a national border, from an external source. Import Substitution Industries (ISI) means an economic theory employed by starting or emerging market nations that wish to increase their self-sufficiency and decrease their dependency on demonstrable countries. Implementation of the theory focuses on protection and incubation of house servant infant industries so they may emerge to compete with imported goods and make the topical anesth etic economy more self-sufficient. Normally trade is not bad. Importing raw materials and goods is one of the paths of increasing the profit margins. There are number of benefits in importing the goods, such(prenominal) as high quality, low prices, and benefits related to the international trade. But I think there are more disadvantages for country.Importing of goods could lead the erosion of the domestic markets and national economies specifically when there is trade deficit occurrence the import is higher than the trade. And can also be increased due to import of goods such as conflict in the domestic values due to the acceptance of social values. The domestic industries can also be crippled due to the import of the countries where the wages are low and the domestic industries are unable to compete since they cannot lour down their prices of goods than the cost of goods. The exporting of goods is specifically difficult and disadvantageous for the teensy and medium size firms. The sale of services and goods into the foreign market is difficult for them rather serving the domestic market. A lack of knowledge of different languages, oddment in culture, exchange regulations and trade regulations having the study impact on exporting the goods. But normally there are deliver more advantages than importing.One of the major advantages of export is the ownership advantage which is specific to the firms international experience, asset and ability of the exporter toeither develop the differentiated harvesting or low cost product with in the values chain. A combination of investment risk and market potential is cognize as the location benefit of the particular market combination. In order to retain the core competencies within the organization and stitching it throughout the country without retaining the license, selling or outsourcing is the international advantage in export. Some of the organizations having lower level of ownership advantage may do not enter into the foreign markets. In case a companys products and companys ownership equipped with the international advantage and ownership advantage, the entry can be made through low risk model known as exporting under the eclectic paradigm. There is low investment requires in exporting of goods than the another(prenominal) modes of international trade and expansion such foreign site investment.Somehow it is recognized that the lower level of risk result in ,lower level of rate of return than possibly the other modes of international trade. On the other hand the usual return on international trade in export sales might not have greater potential exclusively also there will be no risk. In export of goods the managers are allowed to exercise the various operational control however it does not have the option over the control of marketing activities of the company. The end consumer of exported goods is far away from the exporter though the various intermediaries can manage the risk. Exp ort performance is one of the strongest areas of Sri Lankas economy at the present time. It can be best described as a growth area. If you were to take exports as a whole, there has been an usefulness of around 14% across the board, in terms of the foreign exchange that was realized by Sri Lankan exports. merely, in some sectors, the growth has been very much more.For example, in the electronic sector, it is as high as 80%, with golosh performing at 45%, wooden products at 57%, and so on. And also focus that the governments policy is not restricted to enhancing the quantum of foreign exchange that we earn from exports. Earning more foreign exchange is important as the country requires it, barely we do not intend to stop there. This is a necessary condition but we do not see it as being sufficient. One of the main policy objectives is to ensure that all benefits percolate down to the grassroots level. In other words, there has to be an equitable distribution of wealth and income right throughout the country. So Sri Lanka is today referred to as a middle income country with a per capita incomeof US$ 1,370. However, one of our problems is that the distribution of income within the country is far from equitable.A good example of this is the fact that the per capita income in the district of Colombo is seven times what it is in districts such as Monaragela, Pollonnaruwa and Hambantota. Thus we need to address the inequities that are underlying in that situation. This is why the putting a particular emphasis on the concept of export promotion villages that are being developed around the country. However in this year Imports in Sri Lanka increased to 1845.30 USD one million million million in July of 2014 from 1439.40 USD Million in June of 2014. Imports in Sri Lanka averaged 1035.70 USD Million from 2001 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 1986.40 USD Million in November of 2011 and a record low of 408 USD Million in February of 2002. (Reported by the Ce ntral Bank of Sri Lanka)Normally we export different type of goods like Apparel, tea, rubber coconut gems etc In those industries the tea industry is perhaps Sri Lankas most strategic economic sector and pure Ceylon tea our only internationally known brand. We are the worlds biggest tea exporter, manufacturing more than 300 million kilos of black tea annually, almost all of which is exported. Our orthodox teas usually sell at a premium over other orthodox teas from elsewhere. Therefore we can increase that industry and get more economical profit for our country. In importing we have to pay more money with huge taxes to other countries, and in that situation we waste our money more. But if we focus more on export sector explanation and diversification we can improve our productions, develop our manufactures, and finally we can export those productions for other countries, then we can earn more profit. have ont want to pay unessential money for other countries if well develop our exp orting industry. In that case we can increase jobs for our people also, and we can develop our economy.So, mainly Imports and exports may seem like general terms that have little bearing on everyday life, but they exert a fleshy influence on the consumer and the economy. In todays interlinked global economy, consumers are used to seeing products and produce from every corner of the world in their local malls and stores. These overseas products or imports provide more choices to consumers and help them manage strained household budgets. But too many imports in relation to exports which are products shipped from a country to foreign destinations can distort anations balance of trade and devalue its currency. The value of a currency, in turn, is one of the biggest determinants of a nations economic performance. So finally studying about those cases I also think the country should focus more on export sector explanation and diversification than promoting the import substitution Industr ies (ISI).

Management Requirements for Different Types of Events

in that respect are many different types of details for an event manager to organize In this unit I will be talking about some of the most popular types of events Including a birthday political party and an outdoor festival I will explain the necessary processes, goods and services that might be required for the specific event. Birthday Party Planning As an event manager you could be asked to plan someones 1st birthday to any shed of adults birthday par threads all birthday parties quite a little be very different due to the age, range, theme and dah required by the client Consultation ProcessJust interchangeable any event, start at the beginning with the consultation process of planning a birthday party with the client is crucial to ensure that they receive the event they expect. If the event manager Is planning a childs party consultation will usually be with the recruit or guardian but the older the child gets the more likely they are to get involved in this process. If offering a birthday party event management service, the event manager may want to consider applying for a DBS formerly cognise as CRY (Criminal Records Bureaus) check, as it would serve as reassurance for the parents and also enhance the event managers status.It Is necessary that when consulting with birthday party clients It Is Important to determine the size of the party and the approximate age range of the guests. If the age range for a childrens party were wide then it would affect what type of entertainment is needed and where it is to be held. The event manager will need to establish whether in that location are any special requirements for any of the guests attending during the consultation process as this could affect what kind of venues are suitable.Some listed buildings may offer a can if they do not cast off disabled access but there are disabled guests. locales Venues for birthday parties vary depending on the age of the guests and the number of guests There is a wi de range of party decorations available, obvious decorations include balloons, banners, flowers, etc. A cake is essential for a birthday party The cake can be home-made by the client themselves if they wish to save money, bought from a supermarket or custom made if the client wants something more special.Organizing a Charity Event take on the Charity The first part of planning a charity event is contacting the charity, you should get in touch with the charities fundraising team and notify them that you are planning an vent. scene a Date The chosen date should be as far in advance as possible when organizing a charity event. If the client wishes to get hold of any special guests at the event then it is important that they are contacted before the date is set in case they are not available.Budgeting and bread and butter Careful budgeting is very important, the event manager should find out as soon as possible what the budget for the event is and because it is a charity event he/sh e essential be very careful an try to make as much money for that charity as possible by relieve money in specific areas. Venue Once the date and funding has been arranged then a venue can be investigated Because the event till would be panning a charity event it may be possible to get the venue for less or even free Venues fork over been known to offer the event free of charge if it is a charity one and they sometimes even donate to the cause.There can be a lot of advancement caused by charity events for the venue. Speakers The client may require specific speakers in order to raise the events profile the event manger should research them and get in touch with speakers as soon as possible. Auctions are a very popular thing to do within a charity event. Auctions work surface at all kinds of events and are a great way to raise some money for a charity Promoting the Charity Event When I held a charity event I promoted it by putting flyers up around my college and using social net working.Planning a Black Tie Event Venue and Decorations Venue options are more limited for a black tie event than a birthday party. Guests attending a black tie event have usually paid a high entrance fee and theyll expect a venue that matches that price When I imagine a black tie event I think of glamour and elegance, venues suitable for a black tie event include a stately home, a hotel, museum, etc. nutrition and Catering With food and catering it is a good idea to use a previous supplier that did a good job.Photographer It is good to have a photographer at the event as it is a very good way of promoting the event manager, especially considering most of the photos will end up on Backbone (depending on the age range of the event) a lot of people will see what the event was like and may wish to go to the undermentioned one that event manager/client organizes. Goodie Bags I dont feel goodie bags are necessary for a black tie event however I have seen some high profile events give out freebies especially if they are sponsored by a company mating to promote a product get the event sponsored would be a great way of saving money and the goodie bags are an exciting end to the night/event. Organizing Festivals/Outdoor Concerts Accessibility Adequate vigorous Equipment Large-scale events (especially outdoor events) should have a good number of sanitary facilities, like a sink for guests to clean their teeth, a public shower or portals. Adverse Weather Conditions Weather is extremely UN-predictable in England so it is important to be prepared I recommend carnival style marquees for a festival, I feel they look impressive inside ND out and suit a festival well.I have been to some outdoor concerts where it has rained but there was no cover, the problem with this is that people may wish to use umbrellas and they can obstruct the view of people behind Id recommend handing out or selling Macs if it rains or setting up a marquee/some kind of shelter before the event Just in case. Medical Assistance There must be medical assistance available at a festival/outdoor event this can be provided by volunteer services like SST Johns Ambulance and The Red Cross They should be told about the event well in advance. Insurance

Forgiveness Therapy on Depression, Anxiety and Posttraumatic

Gayle and Robert (2006) explain the different studies on the effect of forgiveness therapy. The article discuses about 35% of women are facing emotional make fun from a spouse or romantic partner. Women often demonstrate negative psychological outcomes long after this abuse. (OLeary, 1999).Follingstad, Rutledge, Berg, Hause, and Polek (1990) and Sackett and Sanders (1999) have stated some of the categories that took effect after mavins been abuse psychological thru critizing, ridiculing, jealous control, purposeful ignoring, threats of abandonment, threats of harm and damage to personal property which causes and have strong negative impact of emotional abuse than physical abuse.Enright and Reed has underlined the consequences of those psychological problems which are depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, low self-esteem, learned helplessness, and an ongoing debilitating resentment of the abuser. The treatment uses to heal those women is Forgiveness Therapywhich u ses as a problem solving respond to severe wrong doing. FT also found out these psychological emotional abuse can affect those women finality making. There are two unique challenges for recovery that Sackett & Saunders, 1999 have found.First Learned Helpness which defines that those women turn out to blame themselves for the abuse relationship. And Accusatory Suffering (Seagult & Seagult 1991) entails maintaining resentment and dupe stauts. the assumption in accusatory suffering is that healing the wounds of the abuse will somehow let the penetrator off the hook. FT also focusing on decrease and helping the resentful feeling toward the abusing partner and assist them to recover and develop good will.The study used 20 participant abused women who has been abused and has been disunite or permantly separate with their partner for a more or at least 2 years. Among those participants are different races, ethnicity that has some or college degrees with no or full time career jobs. Par ticipants have been tested by using the screening checklist by using the Psychological abuse survey, the Enright forgiveness inventory, Coopersmith self-esteem inventory, State-Trait Inventory, Beck natural depression inventory, Environmental Mastery Scale Reed instrument, the PTSS checklists, and Story measure.

Finding Scripture: Humanity and Ethics Worksheet and Journal Essay

For Part 1 of this assignment, you will need to read each section in the Story of the Bible media piece. When you open the media piece, click on each flag/banner (creation, fall, covenant, prophecy, gospel, restoration). Read the entire media piece and answer the following questions. Here is the assort to The Story of the Bible.http//lc.gcumedia.com/zwebassets/courseMaterialPages/cwv101_biblical-timeline-v1.1.php keep 2- 3 complete sentences for each of the six sections below. Solid academic writing is expected. Refer to the GCU Academic Writing Guidelines in the Student achievement Center. Please type your answer directly beneath each question so the instructor can see the question and your answer in the homogeneous place.1. save up 2-3 sentences explaining why the creation account is so significant to the Christian worldview. What difference does it make to someones thought and practice to believe that valetness are created in the image of God versus being the result of rand om processes acting blindly on matter? Being created in Gods image is so significant to the per tidings that follows God. Individual sport a strong faith base in God the creator of all things. God said in his word that we are created in his image. He said it and it is so.2. Write 2-3 sentences explaining what the Fall (in Genesis 3) reveals around humanity and human morality. Genesis states the God honors the freedom of human by giving us commands and choices for us to make. God will forgive us for our sins and allow us to redeem ourselves by going to him and seeking him.3. Write 2-3 sentences explaining the importance of God revealing Himself through with(predicate) covenants. The importance of God revealing himself is to set rules for individuals to follow. God has made rules and guidelines for people to follow and abide by.4. Write 2-3 sentences explaining what the prophecies about the Messiah tell us about deliverer. Messiah stated that Jesus will be pierced for our sins and our iniquities and we will have piece through him. Also, through the pain of Jesus we are healed from the sin of our own.5. Write 2-3 sentences explaining the significance of Jesus life and ministry. God sent Jesus to earth in human form to spread Gods word. Jesus was arrested and sentenced to death, he returned on the Sabbath day.6. Write 2-3 sentences explaining how restoration and redemption are significant for peoples point as individuals and for humankind in general. In general, for all(prenominal)one will die and come into the spirit life with a new body. The individuals that believe in God/Jesus will enter into the kingdom of heaven and for the people that does not have faith in God will go to hell.Now, review your responses to questions 1- 6. In the lay below these instructions, write a three paragraph synopsis of the Christian worldview.Organize your summary as follows Paragraph OneWrite a summary of the Christian worldview. What are the core beliefs and values of a Ch ristian worldview as demonstrated in the Story of the Bible?Paragraph TwoExplain why it is important to know the Story of the Bible. What common themes did you see throughout the Story of the Bible? Paragraph ThreeHow would you compare and contrast your own worldview with a Christian worldview? If you do not stick to a Christian worldview what are the differences and similarities between your worldview and the Christian worldview? If you do hold a Christian worldview how does it impact your daily decisions and actions? Write your three paragraphs below. Please use Times New Roman 12 point font (the same as this document) and indent the first line of every paragraph one tab.Part 2 Journal on Find Out Your Worldview QuizFor Part 2, you will write a 250-500 word journal entry reflecting on yourresults of the Find Out Your Worldview examine. Here is a link to the quiz.http//lc.gcumedia.com/zwebassets/courseMaterialPages/cwv101_world-view-v1.1.phpPlease note that the quiz is a discuss ion starter more than the terminal answer on about your worldview. Depending on how you interpret some of the questions, you could end up with a result different than you are expecting. Some people reconcile the quiz a couple of times with a different spin on the questions and get different final results. So if the result is different from what you are expecting, please do not be too surprised. After taking the Find Out Your Worldview quiz, write about your results. Specifically address the following twain questions in your writing Do you agree with the result you true? Why or why not?What did you learn about yourself by taking this quiz?APA style is not required for this assignment but solid academic writing is expected. Please double space your writing. Indent the first line of every paragraph one tab. Use Times New Roman 12 point font. Write your journal entry in the space below.Gods images are significant individuals that are followers of God. People have faith and keep God as the head of everything that they do. Having faith is what christens and followers of God hold on too for core values. The value of God also includes the preaching and teaching of Jesus with love and compassion for others. Not to be judgmental. God is the discussion of Jesus which whom was sent to earth in human form to spread his word. Jesus was also sacrificed to allow us (his children) to forgive our sins. God gave his only son so that he could die for our sins. He then came back on the Sabbath day and continued to spread the word of God. My worldviews are of Christian views and values.However, I do not call myself a Christian. I call myself a child of God. Jesus is my savior, and head of my house. By holding Christian worldviews my decisions are based sour of the morals and faith in God. By following Gods faith, his word keeps me in line of my decisions and keeping my core values. Yes, I do agree with the results that I received because I follow the ways of God/Jesus, becaus e he is the way truth and the light. I have not learned anything about myself from the quiz that I have taken. I have always followed the footsteps of God/Jesus. Since I was a child mymother has taught me to follow him ways of God/Jesus.

A Balanced Review of Strengths and Weaknesses of Learning

Review of Learning in the Panic Zvirtuoso Strategies for Managing Learner Anxiety Introduction It is generally hold that seek faeces be divided from variant perspectives, such as being grouped into empirical and philosophical research according to whether collecting information or not ( tout ensembleison, 2012). So does accessible research, which features think on people in a social setting (Robson, 2011, p. 5) and aims at achieving research purposes of action, transform and emancipation (Robson, 2011, p. 39).In terms of research paradigms, social research ho uptake be divided into quantitative research and qualitative research, usually the former focusing on collecting numerical data and the latter focusing on collecting data of words (Robson, 2011, p. 5). Thus being aware of divers(prenominal) notional neares, researchers become reflexive, creative, and capable of reinvention and evolution (Robson, 2011, p. 41). Also according to Robson, the kind of research refers to applied research projects which are typically small in scale and secondary in scope, is termed as real world research (Robson, 2011, p. 3).It usually solves problems and issues of direct relevance to peoples lives (Robson, 2011, p. 4). And the research under review, which applies strategies into real programs (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 420), seems to be this kind of research. In this assignment, I am going to evaluate the article under review from the looks of strengths and weaknesses, and relate the analysis to the broader issues of research. Strengths Firstly, to some extent, this article is formally limpid and well-organized by using subheadings and questions like How do trainers support learners who undertake challenging tasks? (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 427). Realizing the GAP (Shon, 2012, p. 3) in literature that few attention has been paid to positive imprint of stress in real cases (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 420), the researchers formed their research questio ns, presented their RAT (Shon, 2012, p. 3) and then came the research image and research method, multi-strategy design (Robson, 2011, p. 6) and triangulation (Cohen, 2007, p. 141) respectively. Seen from the perspective of the research design, it is closely cerebrate to precedent literature and theory, and tries to answer research questions by adopting certain research methods.Finally, with the conclusion indicating that the theoretical strategies are in accordance with the comfort-stretch-panic model in previous literature and recommending further studies (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 435). Secondly, as a social research, it is of great value to catch a scientific attitude systematically, sceptically and ethically (Robson, 2011, p. 15). Specifically, by tell systematically, I mean this research is well prepared and arranged by two bed trainer and consultant, with over six years experience of providing consultancy in training (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 38) and much than 30 years experience in education and training (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 420) separately. So they both have a clear accord of what, how and why they are doing in the research. They made a detailed exposition of literature, including theoretical solutions to debilitating learner anxiety (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 421) and practical measures that a trainer can take to prepare learners for challenging tasks (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 427) and designed the questionnaires in research utilizing the strategies in literature.Such a coherent process of research design is sufficient for the first aspect of scientific attitude. And by saying sceptically, I mean the researchers have recognized its limitations of using a small sample of 30 potential drop participants and the absence of trainees feedback and thus recommended future work of overturning the individual personal differences and how these impact differential responses to stressful situations (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 435), thus subjecting ideas to possible disconfirmation (Robson, 2011, p. 5). And finally, ethically is represented during the questionnaires, which were sent completely to those who indicated availability to help with the research (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 428). The third part of advantages focuses on research method. Combining strategies of survey and interview, it is obvious that this research mainly conducts qualitative research method. However, it can besides be calledtriangulation because of the close connection among literature, survey and interviews. harmonise to Cohen, triangulation may be defined as the use of two or more methods of data appealingness in the study of some aspect of human behavior (Cohen, 2007, p. 141). It is often used to mean bringing different kinds of evidence to bear on a problem (Esterberg, 2002, p. 176). Here in the article under review, by saying triangulation, the researchers adopted the approach of triangulating literature, survey and i nterview. According to different literatures, there are many an(prenominal) types of triangulation and each has its own characteristics, of which theoretical triangulation (Cohen, 2007, p. 42) and methodological analysis triangulation (Cohen, 2007, p. 142) are reflected in this research. According to Cohen, the former draws upon alternative or competing theories in preference to utilizing angiotensin converting enzyme viewpoint however and the other uses either the same method on different occasions, or different methods on the same object of study (Cohen, 2007, p. 142). Sometimes different theories and results from conducting different methods lead to conflict conclusions, it does not mean the research is wrong, it may indicates the necessary of further study and research in wider field.So by adopting different types of triangulation, researchers feel more confident of their findings and enhance hardship (Cohen, 2007, p. 141). Similar with triangulation, there are also variabl e kinds of soundity. The type I will focus on is concurrent validity because it is the type enhanced in the article I am evaluating. How does the triangulation ensuring concurrent validity (Cohen, 2007, p. 140) is the main concern of this part. Concurrent validity is a variation of criterion-related validity (Cohen, 2007, p. 40), also called criterion validity by Perri and Bellamy, implying whether the measures are in line with other measures of the same content that are generally accepted as valid in the wider research community (Perri 6& Bellamy, 2012, p. 92). To demonstrate this form of validity the data gathered from using unmatched instrument must correlate passing with data gathered from using another instrument (Cohen, 2007, p. 140). To be specific, in this article under review, the data is collected both from survey and interview with the commission of a large amount of literature, applying theoretical riangulation and methodology triangulation, thus the concurrent vali dity is relatively ensured. As Lancy indicates, using multiple data sources also allows one to fill in gaps that would occur if we relied on only one source (Lancy, 1993, p. 20). Last but not the least, the research draws on the advantages of its research designs. According to Robson, social research design can be separated into fixed design and flexible design (Robson, 2011, p. 5). And the key to distinguish these two designs is whether the procedure and focus of research is fixed or not (Robson, 2011, p. ). However, it should be noticed that there overlaps between them. For example, one specific fixed-designed research could be flexible shaped by qualitative data. So for those using both qualitative and quantitative data, there come multi-strategy designs (Robson, 2011, p. 6). Here by saying multi-strategy, which has substantial collection of both qualitative and quantitative data in different phases or aspects of the same project (Robson, 2011, p. 6), I do not mean that it contr adicts the qualitative research method.It means a research design of combining qualitative and quantitative elements when conducting the qualitative research method. In a narrow sense, the method used in this article should not be called as multi-strategy because the qualitative elements account for a larger proportion. However, the researchers take advantages of using both elements. For example, though there is tendency for people to over-choose the middle option (Thomas, 2011, p. 178), the quantitative approach of five-point Likert scale (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 29) does help the researchers from the trouble of getting specific data from the abstract description. And for the analysis, evaluation and interpretation of data and sample, this paper uses descriptive statistics (methods used to summarize or describe our observations) (Rowntree, 2000, p. 19) to summarize the sample of research and indicates that future study is needed for inferential statistics, which is concerned with generalizing from a sample, to make estimates and inferences about a wider population (Rowntree, 2000, p. 1). By using opportunistic purposive sampling, the researchers regarded respondents as representatives of a diverse group of trainers from crossways the UK with male and female trainers aged between 26-55 years (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 428), one might hold the opinion that using mechanical methods (Rowntree, 2000, p. 24) of selecting randomly is a safe way to make a unbiased representative sample, however, it is conceivable that you could use random methods and still end up with a biased sample (Rowntree, 2000, p. 25).So considering the rich experience of the researchers, the opportunistic purposive sampling is a better cream to avoid the less representativeness of random sampling. Weaknesses However, there are some reservations. Firstly, when analyzing the effectiveness of different strategies, it seems that the researchers have not thought about control variable. According to David and Sutton, control variable means a variable that influences the relationship between the independent and dependent variables (David & Sutton, 2011, p. 11). Though it is a term in mathematical notation, I would suggest using it and adopting control groups in each training program. Otherwise the variables such as the difference of trainees, trainers and training environment among different programs might influence the validity of data. Maybe this limitation is hard for researchers to avoid because of the fact that the training is not conducted by the researchers themselves. The data are indirectly collected as comments/feedbacks from different trainers.Thus to some extent, it is really hard to make sure the validity of data in this research since there are so many variables. Moreover, even by and by adopting control groups and comparing data from several groups in one particular training program, the validity of data is easily to be influenced by uncontrollable v ariables. taking interviews for example, uncontrollable variables could be characteristics of the interviewers, interactions of interviewer/respondent characteristics and privacy concerns of the respondents (Robson, 2011, p. 241).Although the researchers have tried to do the best by adopting semi-structured interview (Thomas, 2011, p. 164), indicating that 11 respondents were interviewed in a guided formless format in which participants were allowed a considerable degree of latitude to express their opinions within the interview framework (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 429), they have not excluded the influence of the framework. So it is rather difficult for the researchers to ensure the validity of data and to precisely achieve the research purpose.And another influence about the validity the researchers might not consider well is the representativeness of the sample. Considering that the research mainly focus on questionnaire-based surveys (Internet surveys and interview surveys specifically) (Robson, 2011, p. 240), which ignores the characteristics of non-respondents (Robson, 2011, p. 240), it is doubtable to say that the sample of respondents is representative (Robson, 2011, p. 240).Maybe it is more persuasive to say that our statistical methodology enables us to collect samples that are likely to be as representative as possible (Rowntree, 2000, p. 23) rather than the respondents represented a diverse group of trainers from across the UK with male and female trainers aged between 26-55 years (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 428). Conclusion To sum up, this assignment evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the article under review in the framework of different methodology and methods.Within the article, by comparing the positive aspects and problematic areas, it is relatively persuasive for the authors to claim their findings. And the contributions they made by putting the theories into practice are highly appreciated since it is a real world research. References 1. Allison, P. (2012). The source of knowledge lam introduction Vedio. United Kingdom The University of Edinburgh. 2. Cohen, L. , Manion, L. , & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. (6th ed. ). capital of the United Kingdom & virgin York Routledge. 3.David, M. , & Sutton, C. D. (2011). Social research An Introduction. (2nd ed. ). New Delhi SAGE. 4. Esterberg, K. G. (2002). Qualitative methods in social research. United States The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 5. Lancy, D. F. (1993). Qualitative research in education An introduction to the major tradition. New York Longman. 6. Palethorpe, R. , & Wilson, J. P. (2011). Learning in the panic regulate Strategies for managing learner anxiety. Journal of European Industrial Training, 35(5), 420-438. 7. Perri 6, & Bellamy, C. (2012).Principles of methodology Research design in social science. Croydon SAGE. 8. Robson, C. (2011). Real world research. (3rd ed. ). Cornwall John Wiley&Sons Ltd. 9. Rowntree, D. (2000). Statistics without tears An introduction for non-mathematicians. London Penguin Group. 10. Shon, P. C. H. (2012). How to read journal articles in the social sciences. London SAGE. 11. Thomas, G. (2011). How to do your research project. London SAGE. Self Assessment document When you submit your assignment for this course you also need to include a self assessment document.This is a student version of the mark sheet and must include at least one sentence under each of the headings. Do not suggest a grade for your assignment POSTGRADUATE ASSIGNMENT SELF ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT Course title The sources of knowledge Year 2012 Matriculation number s1262299 1. Knowledge and Understanding of Concepts Has the student understood the methodological concepts used (or not) by the authors in the papers? Yes, I understand the methodological concepts used by the authors in the paper under review by evaluating it from different perspectives in a balanced view. . Knowledge and intake of the Literature Has the student shown evidence of reading core and supplementary texts? Yes, I have shown evidence of reading core and supplementary texts by citing their opinion. 3. Critical coefficient of reflection on Theory and Practice Has the student explained and critically evaluated the pros and cons of the methodology (theory) and methods (practice) the papers analysed? Yes, I have explained and evaluated the pros and cons of the methodology and methods the paper analysed in a balanced view.And I have tried to judge on the basis of what the authors set out to achieve and consider the space they have, thus not being too critical. 4. Constructing pedantic Discourse Has the student structured the assignment effectively, adopted an appropriately academic style and tone? Spelling? Vocabulary? Grammar? Format? Fluency? Yes, I have structured my assignment effectively and adopted an appropriately academic style and tone. I have checked it to make sure of the correctness of the spelling, voca bulary, grammar, format and fluency. All of the above four areas receive equal weighting

Impact of Media on Socio-Cultural Values and Social Institution in Indian Society

The media, k instantlyn as the fourth pillar of land, has a huge tint on the society. The effects ar of course, corroboratory as well as negative. Media is much(prenominal) a powerful turncock that it liter eithery governs the kick of our society today. It is the propeller as well as the direction provider of the society. Opinions merchantman change overwickedness and celebrities apprize bewilder infamous with just one wave by the media. The growth of media as an industry has accelerate over the past few years with new forms such as DVD and the internet ever-changing the path we, the audience, consume and receive media.In an interdependent and globalized semipolitical origination, the ch aloneenge of the media is to provide extensive cover mount up of global politics and to examine the impact of these mark fors in specific national contexts. The mess media has a portion to govern socio-political and cultural settings. Numbers of researchers discipline away bee n conducting studies beingnesswide to investigate what they might contribute to an understanding of the economic and opposite components that work on major(ip)ity media, and how the media in turn limit the political climate and the elective process in modern democracies.Mass media is considered one of the principal agents for societal development, democracy and good governance. Media critics claim that at times bay window media has non played the role that it should have played and have played in the hands of few vested af gracefuls. The researchers have also pointed out that batch media influence vary from country to country depending upon socio-political and cultural settings. thither argon legion(predicate) an(prenominal) different theories round how mass media influence large numbers attitudes, worldview, and behavior.The mass media is considered to be the confirmbone of democracy that influences sociopolitical developments. However, there is a ripening concern that the mass media in many countries is non fulfilling these functions properly due to inherent socio-cultural barriers. These days, there atomic number 18 already many types of Mass Media. This includes Audio recording and conduce cargonness (records, tapes, cassettes, cartridges, CDs), B drivewaycasting Media (Radio, Television, C satisfactory) Film (Cinema, DVDs), Digital Media (the profits, Mobile Phones, Satellite), Publishing or the Print Media (Books, Newspapers, Magazines) and Video games.Today we are going to deal five types of media. They are as follows 1. Newspapers 2. Magazines 3. Yellow pages 4. Radio 5. Television 6. Internet Out of these, Newspapers, TV, Radio are traditionalistic modes of mass media whereas Magazines, Yellow pages and Internet are modern modes of mass media. Explanation of the different types of media with the advantages and disadvantages Newspapers Newspapers are one of the traditional mediums used by businesses, both big and sm every a standardised, to advertise their businesses.Advantages Disadvantages Allows you to go on a huge number of deal in a accustomed geographic area You have the flexibility in deciding the ad size and transcription within the newsworthinesspaper Your ad provoke be as large as necessary to communicate as lots of a story as you care to tell Exposure to your ad is not limited readers can go back to your message a authorise and again if so desired. Free uphold in creating and producing ad copy is usually available Quick turn-around supporters your ad reflect the changing market conditions.The ad you decide to run today can be in your customers hands in one to two days. Ad space can be expensive Your ad has to compete against the clutter of other advertisers, including the giants ads run by supermarkets and department stores as well as the ads of your competitors Poor photo re achievement limits creativity Newspapers are a price-oriented medium roughly ads are for sales Exp ect your ad to have a short shelf life, as newspapers are usually read once and then discarded. You may be paying to send your message to a lot of pot who will probably never be in the market to buy from you. Newspapers are a highly visible medium, so your competitors can quickly react to your prices With the increasing popularity of the Internet, newspapers face declining readership and market penetration. A growing number of readers now skip the patsy version of the newspaper (and hence the print ads) and instead read the online version of the publication. MagazinesMagazines are a more focused, albeit more expensive, alternative to newspaper advert. This medium allows you to r from each one highly tar desexed audiences. Advantages Disadvantages Allows for better tar buy the farming of audience, as you can choose magazine publications that cater to your specific audience or whose editorial content specializes in topics of interest to your audience. senior high school reader involvement means that more attention will be paid to your advertisement Better quality paper permits better color reproduction and full-color ads The smaller page ( commonplacely 8 ? y 11 inches) permits so far small ads to stand out Long lead times mean that you have to make plans weeks or months in advance The slower lead time heightens the risk of your ad getting overtaken by events on that point is limited flexibility in name of ad familyment and format. Space and ad layout costs are higher Yellow Pages There are several forms of Yellow Pages that you can use to shape up and advertise your business.Aside from the traditional Yellow Pages supplied by phone companies, you can also check out specialized directories targeted to specific markets (e. g. Hispanic Yellow Pages, Blacks, and so on ) moveive or consumer search databases Audiotex or talking yellow pages Internet directories containing national, local and regional listings and other services classified as Yello w Pages. Advantages Disadvantages Wide availability, as mostly everyone uses the Yellow Pages Non-intrusive Action-oriented, as the audience is actually looking for the ads Ads are reasonably inexpensive Responses are easily tracked and measured Frequency Pages can look cluttered, and your ad can easily get lost in the clutter Your ad is placed together with all your competitors Limited creativity in the ads, disposed the consume to follow a pre-determined format Ads slow to reflect market changes Radio Offers a wide range of publicity possibilities. It is a agile medium suited to a mobile people.It reaches the bedroom and breakfast table in the morning and rides to and from work in the car, lulls us to sleep at night and goes along to the beach, to the woods and on fishing trips, a flexibility no other medium can match. Advantages Disadvantages Radio is a universal medium enjoyed by people at one time or another during the day, at home, at work, and even in the car. The vast array of receiving set program formats offers to efficiently target your advertize dollars to narrowly defined segments of consumers most likely to respond to your offer. Gives your business personality with the creation of campaigns using sounds and voices Free creative help is ofttimes available Rates can generally be negotiated During the past ten years, radio grade have playn less inflation than those for other media Because radio listeners are spread over many stations, you may have to advertise simultaneously on several stations to reach your target audience Listeners cannot go back to your ads to go over important points Ads are an interruption in the entertainment.Because of this, a radio ad may direct multiple exposures to break by means of the listeners tune-out factor and tick message retention Radio is a background medium. Most listeners are doing something else bit listening, which means that your ad has to work hard to get their attention. Television A medium that permits the use of the printed world, spoken word, effigys in motion, color, music, animation and sound effects all blend into one message, possesses immeasurable potency.Television has become a dominant force, the primary source of news and entertainment and a powerful soapbox from which citizens protests can be communicated to the nation and the world. This medium has greatly altered national election campaigns and has diminished the role of the political parties. Events made large by TV shape public opinion worldwide. Advantages Disadvantages Television permits you to reach large metrical composition of people on a national or regional level in a short period of time Independent stations and cable system offer new opportunities to pinpoint local audiences Television existence an figure-building and visual medium, it offers the ability to convey your message with sight, sound and motion Message is temporary, and may require multiple exposure for th e ad to evidence above the clutter Ads on network affiliates are concentrated in local news broadcasts and station breaks favored ad times are often sold out far in advance Limited length of exposure, as most ads are besides thirty seconds long or less, which limits the amount of information you can communicate Relatively expensive in terms of creative, production and airtime costs Internet The Internet or the World Wide Web is indeed a wonderful and amazing addition in our lives. The Internet can be known as a kind of global meeting place where people from all split of the world can come together. It is a service available on the computer, through which everything under the sun is now at the fingertips of anyone who has access to the Internet. Advantages Disadvantages E-mail E-mail is an online correspondence system. With e-mail you can send and receive instant electronic messages, which work like writing letters. Your messages are delivered instantly to people anywhere in t he world, different traditional mail that takes a lot of time. Access training The Internet is a virtual treasure trove of information. Any kind of information on any topic under the sun is available on the Internet. The search engines on the Internet can help you to find data on any subject that you need. Shopping Along with getting information on the Internet, you can also shop online.There are many online stores and sites that can be used to look for products as well as buy them using your accredit card. You do not need to leave your house and can do all your shopping from the convenience of your home. Online Chat There are many have words rooms on the web that can be accessed to meet new people, make new friends, as well as to pillow in tone with old friends. Downloading Software This is one of the most happening and fun things to do via the Internet. You can download innumerable, games, music, videos, movies, and a host of other entertainment software from the Internet, m ost of which are free. Personal Information If you use the Internet, your personal information such as your name, address, etcetera can be accessed by other people. If you use a credit card to shop online, then your credit card information can also be stolen which could be akin to giving someone a blank check. Pornography This is a very serious issue concerning the Internet, in contingent when it comes to unseasoned children. There are thousands of pornographic sites on the Internet that can be easily found and can be a detriment to letting children use the Internet. Spamming This refers to sending unsolicited e-mails in bulk, which serve no purpose and unnecessarily clog up the entire system. These are the different types of Mass Media in this 21st century, the global generation era where digital globalization is taking place perpetually, and the forms of Mass Media is increasingly widespread and expectantly procreating. M edia technologies are becoming an important aspect of t odays society. Each and every day, people interact with media of many different forms. Media is commonly defined as creation a line of communication.Radio, newspapers, and picture are all examples of media. It is impossible to assume that media is made up of completely unbiased information and that the media companies do not impose their own control upon the information being supplied to media users. Since many people use media very frequently, it is perspicuous to assume that it has affects on people. According to the text book Media Now, media effects are changes in knowledge, attitude, or behavior that lead from exposure to the mass media,. This leaves us with many unanswered questions about media and its influences.While resurgent India seems to be high on the global media agenda, powered as it were by the economic boom, the national media too has witnessed exponential growth. trailing this growth in a sumful perspective is imperative since its spread and reach have been m ired in socio-political and cultural barriers. The complexities that limit the growth of the Indian media story are found on a heady mix of poverty, bias, economics, and the inherent trappings of a religious philosophy that find echo in the fatalistic suppositions of Hinduism.With minimal impact to change the state of the nation, the barriers that come in the way of the free flow of information need to be tackled with more briskness and awareness, lest the growth gets sucked into the vortex of its own limitations. The advertisement-driven consumerist mooring that is propelling the flawed Indian info-age communication story seems to be a pointer in this direction. Medias impact on society can be judged from leash perspectives affectionate, economic and political. Social Impact ) Generating awareness on various social evils like dowry, female foeticide and infanticide etc. this has led to the decline in the incidence of them 2) Bringing into focus any atrocities faced by weaker s ections of the society. This has brought in a brain of security to the weaker sections. Majority groups dismay to do any harm to them. In the long run this will bring peace and tranquility among communities. 3) Generating awareness on good practices like wellness, hygiene, sustainment etc thereby improving the living standards. ) Media is responsible for the success of green revolution in India during 60s by popularizing the usage of high yielding varieties, fertilizers, pesticides and other farm charge techniques. Green revolution has improved the living standard of poor by enhancing their incomes. Many new entrepreneurs from weaker sections of the society emerged. This has enabled them to rise in the social ladder and stay on par with the so called upper castes. 5) Media is responsible for generating pan India identity and enabling people to loosen their parochial and narrower identities. ) Media has been set uping in new avocation opportunities that are available in the mark et. This has enabled a common man with requisite skills to grab them. 7) Media is responsible for sensitizing our administrators on various issues. 8) Media is responsible for spreading in modish fashion visa-a-versa dressing style, cosmetics, hair styles etc. Variation of Music India is made up of several dozen ethnic groups, speaking their own languages and dialects as a result, folk music plays an essential role in uniting people of the selfsame(prenominal) dialect group who may be far away geographically.An example is the folk music of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, Bhojpuri music. It serves as a means of communication as the lyrics of the songs often cover recent cultural changes and events as well as religious content. Television & Drama The tv set and print revolutions have granted access to these forms of media to the masses across India. Villages often have their own newspapers and access to video recording is readily available to the majority. Bollywood cinema is not restr icted to the urban community and is in fact highly popular with the awkward masses.Changes in forms of media & communication Cassette & pressure Disks In Cassette Culture, Peter Manuel tells how a new mass medium, the portable cassette player, caused a major upheaval in popular culture in the worlds second-largest country. The advent of cassette engineering in the 1980s transformed Indias popular music industry from the virtual monopoly of a single multinational LP manufacturer to a free-for-all among hundreds of local cassette producers. The result was a revolution in the quantity, quality, and variety of Indian popular music and its patterns of dissemination and consumption.Impact of Television- It is nearly impossible to establish the precise number of people with access to a television set in the poor world , as James Murdoch, chief executive of STAR TV Group told a cable conference in India due to the fact that soulfulness cable subscribers sometimes pass on the service ille gally to an entire neighborhood. Moreover, in parts of the evolution world, large numbers of people often crowd into one house or cafe to enamor television, a factor that is hard to limit. Caste Line-Caste lines have been blurred in the quest to gain access to information which in itself is not a bad thing. Television watching, especially in the rural areas has become a communal event and it is not uncommon for TV owners to position their television sets such that they are facing the untied door allowing members of other caste groups to sit outside the home and enjoy the shows . Similarly, in villages where there is one common, governance-provided television set, members of the village gather around to watch communally.This is especially the fiber for religious programs as well as those related to agriculture. Indian Norms- Other than changing the social structure and norm, the media revolution has also contributed to the profligacy of so-called Indian norms. Movies such as M onsoon Wedding are an ideal demonstration of the culture shock faced by many newfangled Indians today. There is a chasm betwixt traditional value of chastity and dressing conservatively and the TV values of stylish and often skimpy dressing and more disapproveant values, including dating before marriage and other western norms.Differences in the midst of Culture and the Dominant Social Paradigm- Culture, exactly because of its greater scope, may express values and ideas, which are not necessarily consistent with the dominant institutions. In fact, this is usually the case characterizing the arts and literature of a market economy, where, artists and writers have been given a significant degree of emancipation to express their own views. Just as traditions have gone out of fashion, it seems that many beliefs have done so as well.Television has reached a interpret where even religious discourse is broadcast, negating the need for temple visits and religious-social gatherings. Infrastructure and the mass media influenences that it has brought with it have created a culture where person to person interaction has nearly stopped. Information is relayed to us through media channels, radio, television, books and newspapers. Lack of Credibility The first inherent barrier is the lack of credibility on the part of mass media in putting up typical examples of life style, consumerism and public behavior.By subtly promoting and supporting the me, mine, myself culture, the mass media have managed to alienate themselves from the bulk of society. The expectation of any major impact of mass media messages on the society at large is futile. Media technologies are becoming an important aspect of todays society. Each and every day, people interact with media of many different forms. It is impossible to assume that media is made up of completely unbiased information and that the media companies do not impose their own control upon the information being supplied to media use rs. Philosophical disregard of moralsThe general Hindu Indian philosophy makes people believe that salvation lies at individual level, and practicing daily prayers, rituals, fasts, penance, attending religious discourses etc. can help people atone for whatever wrongs they have done or are perceived to have committed. Mass media are unruffled not central to peoples natural behavior but remain an external influence, never internalized and experience. Mass media are perceived as an entity doing its product line (of spreading information, news, messages, entertaining and so on) whereas people in general go about their lives.Impact on Agriculture and Family Planning Movement On the agriculture front, the mass media impact played a significant role in taking forward the message of high-yielding agricultural practices. Green revolution, a nationwide campaign to increase food impress production to help India become self-sufficient in food, was lauded across the media and its gains were discussed at length. An evaluation report prepared by the National Council of Educational Research and rearing (NCERT) in 1994 and quoted by M. R.Dua says Television has positively been useful in increasing knowledge regarding new farm technology. The farmers who viewed television programs gained more or less the same amount of knowledge irrespective of age, education and farm holding. Dua also quotes another study by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (IARI) having convincingly shown the durability of television in imparting technical information to farmers television has proved to be effective in creating a favorable attitude among farmers to adopt recommended practices and in inducing their actual adoption. Impact of Advertising Among all mass media constituents, advertising has a noticeably greater impact than news and entertainment media as evident by the immediate impact of good or bad advertising on FMCG sales. Huge popularity of ad punch lines (doondhte reh jaoge mea ning youll keep looking for the stain, safedi kii chamkar, meaning the lightning of whiteness, both hugely popular punch-lines of advertisements for detergent cake and powder), glaring appearance of hoardings of popular brands in villages and small townships.There is apparently an eagerness to follow advertising messages and a reluctance to follow social impact messages. Studies conducted by market research organizations have also indicated that there is a positive impact of media exposure especially that of television on consumer behavior. Increased rationality in consumers decisions due to media contact is proved irrespective of the place where the media are induced. How does mass media influence young people? The media makes billions of dollars with the advertising they sell and that we are exposed to.We buy what we are told to be good, later on seeing thousands of advertisings we make our buying decisions establish on what we saw on TV, newspapers or magazines to be a product w e can trust and also based on what everyone else that we know is buying and their decision are also based on the media. These are the effects of mass media in teenagers, they buy what they see on TV, what their favorite celebrity advertise and what is acceptable by society based on the fashion that the media has imposed them. There are some positive and negative influences in young people.Here is a positive influence example, if there is a sport that is getting a lot of attention by the media and gains popularity among your friends and society, you will more likely wish to practice the sport and be cool with all your friends. The result is that you will have fun with your friends and be healthier because of the exercise you are doing. However a negative influence in teenagers is the use of cigars by celebrity movie stars, the constant exposure of sex images, the excessive images of abandon and exposure to thousands of junk food ads.Young people are in a stage of life where they wa nt to be accepted by their peers, they want to be loved and be successful. The media creates the ideal image of a beautiful men and women and tells you what are the characteristics of a successful person are, you can see it in movies and TV. Its a subliminal way to tell you that if you are not like them you are not cool yet so its time to buy the stuff they buy and look like they look. Another negative influence in teenagers that has grown over the last years is anorexia and obesity.There are millions of adolescents fighting obesity, but at the same time they are exposed to thousands of advertisements of junk food, while the ideas image of a successful person is told to be thin and wealthy. Also more women are obsessive with losing weight even when they are not obese there are many thin women that want to look like the super models and thin celebrities so they engage in eating disorders which lead to severe health issues and even death. Conclusion Other than dress many other aspects of culture have been sacrificed in favour of western influences.Folk music and travelling singers have given way to cassettes and compact discs nautanki shows have dissolved under the pressure and competition brought forth by television and cinema. The traditions of storytelling have also taken a back seat due to cassette playbacks of discourses and the ease with which printed material is cheaply available. Economic Impact 1) Media is responsible directly for providing employment opportunities and thereby increasing the living standards of the people. 2) Media spreads awareness of a new product launched by a company through advertisements and product reviews.This will increase the demand of industrial goods thereby promoting industrialization and increase in GDP. Indias language newspapers enjoy a relatively new entrepreneurial prowess. A mutually convenient relationship between the owners and capitalists keeps a financial balance between local/regional and national spheres in both private and public sectors. Like coral in a reef, newspapers grew and died in a process inseparable from the creation of a public sphere in the classical liberal sense.Individual proprietors sometimes brought to their newspapers a crusaders zeal for a particular cause or a diehards detestation for a rival (Jeffrey 105). The Second Press Commission in 1982 tried to liberate the press from the monopoly houses. In 1995 the Audit Bureau of circulations had 165 newspapers as members, with a combined circulation of about 16 million copies a day. The top ten newspapers control roughly 50 percent of daily circulations in all languages. Bennett Coleman and the Indian Express own roughly 20 percent of daily circulations.While capitalists sustained national newspapers, the big houses, Dalmias, Jains, Goenka et al. , monopolized and stained free journalism. The family and caste controlled small newspapers regionally produce their liberty from big monopolies, thriving on their loyal suppor ters in north and south India. Diversity of ownership is reflective of cultural variation in Indias trilingual landscape. Twenty-one newspapers control two-thirds of all circulations. Inevitability of Poverty & a Feudal MindsetA large percentage of people are still not well-off equal (according to 2001 census figures, the creation living below poverty line is a worrying 26. 10 per cent) to enjoy the fruits of free mass media. Concerns for a stable job and a decent living are more important for them as compared to any message against a social evil reaching them through the mass media. In this situation, anything else may be immaterial to him, even if it is a positive message about availability of free educational facilities for children of underprivileged classes.A feudal mental capacity continues to prevail among people across the socioeconomic strata. While the super-rich treat the upper middle class with contempt, the latter reserve the same treatment for those below the hiera rchy. This manifests in peoples attitude towards the media as well. Those who are slightly better off, would never bother about what the mass media say (except perhaps the mercenary announcements or advertisements). Strongly selfish Lives Material growth in the last two decades has led to dilution of values within family and in society.Becoming successful in their own small wayeven if it is a petty roadside stall selling vegetablesis what issuings. And to that end, messages on how to make lives better matter little. For example, if the roadside stall is an encroachment on a road and even if the mass media reports scream daily that those encroachments are a punishable offence, the stall owner is unmoved. He continues to sell his ware at the same maculation and even if forcibly removed one day, he comes back the next day. The authorities, too, tire of this game of hide-and-seek and give up.We can see such sights all across the Indian towns and cities. In a general atmosphere that of lax rules and where one can get away with offence has made the people become more selfish than they naturally are. The erosion of authority of law and establishment and the general lack of a culture of punishment have added to this environment of general disregard for ethics. Mass media, again, have a limited role to play in making people change their attitudes. Impact of Television on the Indian Population.Ever since the advent of modern communication technology that has allowed people around the world to communicate ever so easily, the world itself seems like a smaller space. broadcast is an especially effective manner through which millions of people are able to become unified on the basis that they are common recipients of a particular message. One of the most powerful transmitters of these messages is of course the television programs of which can be seen around the world to serve many purposes.In most contemporary societies, television is a highly influential medium of pop ular culture and plays an important role in the social construction of reality. The effects of television should consequently be recognize as having the ability to alter social, economic and political situations in its places of propagation and beyond. I will be exploring these cultural shifts in detail pertaining to India, a developing nation undergoing a grand cultural shift in part due to the rapid growth of satellite television in the 1990s and its programming.Television is unlike any other medium of mass communication in that its social effects are liberal, and able to prompt substantial change. The strong cultural influence of television on developing nations can consequently be linked to the following factors as outlined in the book Media and Social Changes the modernizing influences of television in rural India. First, television programming is easily accessible and inexpensive, which is mainly due to the fact that Indian television is sold inexpensively around the worl d after profits in its home market have already been made.Televisions potency is also a result of its broad scope and diversity of programs which therefore makes it appealing to almost anybody. Yet another reason for televisions mass appeal is its benign presence, which allows viewers to be in control of what they watch, how much they watch and when to watch it. Ultimately, it is these factors that propel the reliance on the medium which has the power to inflict many societal changes in developing nations such as India.Through the testing of diverse groups in India such as rural villagers, young person, women and the middle class, I intend to illustrate the vast social and cultural changes taking place in a culturally rich country, in large part due to the relatively recent popularity of television throughout the country. According to statistics the population in India was In 2000, it was 1,003 million people. In 2001, it was 1,019 million people. In 2002, it was 1,050 million peo ple. In 2003, it was 1,060 million people. In 2004, it was 1,080 million people. In 2005, it was 1,094 million people.In 2006, it was 1,110 million people. While almost 75 percent of Indias one billion people live in villages, their thoughts and actions consequently have a large influence on the countrys social, political and economic state. One of the most prolific changes in village life which can be linked directly to the influence of television is rise of consumerism in rural India. Just as we are enveloped with advertisements and endorsements which propel us to purchase that which we deem necessary, the same is true in rural India in which such things as blue jeans and hand cream have become necessities.Villagers themselves acknowledge this growing need I want many things that my parents never had. I want a motorcycle and a nice colour TV I want to eat mutton once a week instead of three times a year. Through this illustration, it is evident that needs are certainly growing and it is due to television and advertisements that the economically dependent third world is now being internally pressured to make shifts that may not be financially possible yet incredibly desirable. Another growing desire of the rural Indian population is to become urbanized, leading to a shift in behavior and relationships.Not only do these villagers want to mimic the re impartations of their urban counterparts by changing their attire and consumer goods, their attitudes are also altered as a result. Such phenomenon can be seen as a positive shift which allows modern attitudes to flourish, through which more sensitivity and emotion are finding their ways into the rigid caste system and competition, therefore adding sentimental value to various relationships. In the case of rural parts of developing nations, mediation may also be useful as a way of educating villagers about their own country.The programs that are seen by the villagers are those which are produced in India yet refle ct a westbound undercurrent of values and lifestyles. The rural audience is therefore able to learn about other parts of their own country, which is useful due to the fact that many do not venture far from their village for touring purposes. Although touring the country may not be prioritized, with the glamorization of urban life through the media, many villagers are moving to urban centers in search for a better life. The mplications of such a shift are obvious in that the villages that are being abandoned are at a disadvantage, yet the urban cities have nothing to gain other than more overcrowding. Although the middle class in India is generally more urbanized and therefore more in touch with the globalizing effects of media, they resemble the villagers in terms of the effects of television on their daily lives. While villagers are enticed with what is outside their village, the urban middle class is able to see the correlation between the foreign and national trademarks. Multina tional companies consistently attempt to associate their products with signifiers of the Indian nation, for instance through sponsorship of the Indian Olympic team in the 1996 Olympics or through more subtle references to specifically Indian conditions such as the monsoon season. While conglomerates such as Pepsi and Coke are striving to merge the Indian identity with their brands by sponsoring sporting events and relying on Indian celebrity endorsements, the Indian audience fails to see that what they see as sponsorship for Indias pride is actually a mere scheme to boost consumerism.It is therefore evident that just as the rural class is becoming increasingly commoditized, the middle class urban population is no different. Although many televised advertisements tug on the nationalized heartstrings, many direct correlations are also made between Indian cities and North Indian or European ones. In this sense, the existence of the Indian city dwellers is being justified on the basis o f their citys comparison to Western cities. It is through these processes that Indians are made to feel that they are being recognized, but the concern is whether this recognition is strong if it is formulated through comparison.While many of these discrete messages are being transmitted through television and advertisements, they are transforming into ideals and, just as the rural population is in search for an urban setting, the urban dwellers are looking towards Western societies for opportunity. According to statics result India spends so much for their TV advertisements. In 2002 US $718 million was spent out of US $ 37,682. In 2003 US $848 million was spent out of US $ 44,413. In 2004 US $ 899million was spent out of US $ 51,812. In 2005 US $1,034 million was spent out of US $ 61,478.In 2006 US $1,189 million was spent out of US $ 67,672. The effects of commercialism cannot be underestimated. Todays children are besieged by manipulative commercial messages day in and day out, o n TV, and even at school. Companies hire psychologists to help them target children and manipulate them this is called the art of whine-making. The bombardment of commercial messages has created a sense of chronic dissatisfaction in children and, many psychologists think that is has contributed to the increase in teen depression. In terms of programming, television shows are either Indian or Indian imitations of them. Programs targeted specifically at the middle class are often characterized by a hybridized language which combines Hindi and English. This mixture, termed Hinglish by the popular media, combines Hindi and English in different television shows. Through this very example it is evident that Westernized ideals are seeping into Indian mainstream media through the use of television. Moreover, an important shift to consider is that while English is becoming increasingly predominant, the non-English speakers are being marginalized and degraded in their own home country.Second ly, the predominance of Hindi as the main language on television weakens the diverse languages spoken in India which have contributed to its cultural heritage for centuries. One of the most prominent examples of the hybrid of Indian and Indian culture is through the phenomenon of MTV and youth culture in India. The two main foreign-owned music television channels operating in India, News Corporations Channel V and Viacoms MTV have followed a market strategy of vulturine Indianization. This has taken the form of programs featuring Indian film songs and music videos Although it may hold true that television which is adapt towards youth may support Indian entertainment, these channels directly model the Indian versions of them therefore, enforcing a global Indianized culture upon middle-class Indian youth. Consumerism is extremely prominent among this group due to the cultural icons represented through music videos and advertisements, along with their parents willingness to support s uch spending.This seems to hold true as a characteristic of youth culture across the globe, which raises the question of whether this global identity was created to homogenize this particular group. Yet another concern that satellite television and its growing Western influence has brought about is the generational reformation of these viewers. graduate students of classical dance and mainly Telugu Channel V viewers and say that they have frequently experienced discomfort (and so have their parents)because of the growing trend of obscenity in Telugu film songs (including nudity, suggestive body movements, and double-meaning lyrics). Families were once able to enjoy programs without any form among parents and children, the ever growing influence of Western ideology that sex sells in the media has transgressed into the Indian market, and led to reformation of the family unit, creating obvious distinctions between tastes. The new trends in television broadcasting may therefore effect ively deconstruct the family unit as the Western ideals transgressing through Indian television are slowly creating gaps within the home.Some young viewers of these provocative music videos seem to think that due to their promiscuous nature, that these television programs are also being aired in the West however, it is this mis fancyion that demonstrates the young Indians desire to be recognized by its Indian counterparts. This ideal requires placing cultural regulations on the backburner, meeting and enjoying Westernized standards and masking them with an overarching Indian identity, all in a subconscious attempt to escape that very identity. Study has shown Television viewing occupied 10. 9% of an adolescent time that is about 12 hours per week. 0% of this viewing occurred at home, 73% was done with other family members including 7% with grandparents, uncles, or aunts. This indicates that TV viewing is a typical family drill. Adolescents rates of viewing were correlated with moth ers rates of viewing, with rates for both higher when mothers were unemployed. Adolescents TV rates were also correlated with fathers rates and with fathers type of unemployment. Study has prove, during TV viewing adolescents reported lower than ordinary challenge, worry, and paying attention and higher than mediocre choice, clam and relaxation.In short TV viewing of the middle class Indian youth is a relaxed antidote to the centering of the day that they share with their families. Television has a major impact on toddlers it influences their viewing habits throughout their lives. Since toddlers have a strong preference for cartoons and other programs that have characters that move fast, there is considerable likelihood that they will be exposed to large amounts of violence. Children do not become full-fledged viewers until around the age of two-and-a-half. As toddlers, they begin to pay more attention to the television set when it is on.They develop a limited ability to extract meaning from television content. At the age of eight, children are more likely to be sensitive to important moderating influences of television content, and will not become more aggressive themselves if the violence they see is portrayed as evil, as causing human suffering, or as resulting in punishment or disapproval. However, they are especially likely to show increased aggression from watching violent television if they believe the violence reflects real life, if they identify with a violent hero, or if they engage in aggressive fantasies.One major group which television watching has effected is the age group between 5-13 years of age. Television violence is accompanied by glorious production features preschoolers are predisposed to seek out and pay attention to violenceparticularly cartoon violence. It is not the violence itself that makes the cartoons attractive to preschoolers, but the accompanying vivid production features. With this preference for cartoons, preschoolers are being exposed to a large number of violent acts in their viewing day.Moreover, they are unlikely to be able to put the violence in context, since they are likely to miss any subtlety conveyed mitigating information concerning motivation and consequences. Preschoolers behave more aggressively than usual in their play after watching any high-action exciting television content, but mostly after watching violent television. Television watching and physical activity both are related to obesity. However this has been investigated mainly in children. Television viewing takes up 10. % of an adolescents time (about 12 hours per week) study proves. Children get glued to the television and do not exercise. They watch one program after another without giving them selfs a break. They do not even have half an hour to do any kind of physical activities. This finally results in obesity. Political Impact 1) Media has been bringing out corrupt practices practiced by our political leaders. This has e nabled people to make more rational choices when electing their representatives. 2) Media has been a major force in mobilizing people during elections. India is the cradle of human race, the rocker of human speech, the mother of history, grandmother of legend, and great grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only -Mark Twain Yes, indeed the most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are in India. We are the worlds largest democracy and an emerging force in the field of communication, science and technology.After combating recession, India is back on the path of growth and development but with challenges ahead like Carbon Emission reduction, Reforms in Judiciary, Progress of the Industrial sector etc In this scenario an analysis of the towers of strength of India will provide a strong basis for realizing our opportunities and threats in the future. Mass Media has always played a vital role in the functioning of democracy in India and exploring into these avenues will definitely play a major role in solving the problems pondered upon India. BackgroundOn 26th January 1950 when the Constitution proclaimed India as a sovereign socialist secular popular nation, the word democracy became a part of us. From then on Religion, Caste, Population, Development, International issues, Education, Poverty, Corruption, Economy, Politicsanything happening in our nation was linked with Democracy. A vibrant democracy attracts and filters-in the most competent ones in our country to govern and eliminates the not- so -competent. Truly, democracy in India is wider than the beautiful description of Abraham Lincoln-It is lot more than a form of government of the people, for the people and by the people.The role of democracy in India is to fulfill the dream of every true patriot in India i. e. to live in a peachy India, a strong and prosperous one. On the other hand portraying t he life of Indian people the media won the hearts of millions in India. Enjoying complete freedom the media took up the responsibility to make people aware of everything going around them whether it is good or bad. It is not amusing that the only thing in India which is certain(p) by everyone is Media. Even Mass Media has travelled a long way from the late 1700s and far beyond the era of Radio Broadcasting.Mass Media in India had to resist immense pressure from the government to be what it is today. The press had to face oppression during the freedom struggle as it was being successful in carrying out its responsibleness to create a feeling of nationalism among the people during that time. Today in terms of Media, India is the second largest market in the world for newspapers, 18th largest country in broadband Internet users and 8th in the list of countries by number of television broadcast stations.All of this achieved when Media has been free and independent with only few regulat ory bodies at the realm. THE ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN INDIAN DEMOCRACY Every man needs food, clothing, healthcare and shelter for his physical survival. Similarly communication is regarded as an indispensible factor for the social welfare of people. In this 21st century every individual is keen to be updated with the latest developments in all walks of life. It is here where the mass media comes into the picture which aims to reach out to a very large audience.It carries out its functions through advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations and political communication. Mass media is now considered as an effective tool for advocating business and social concerns. But what role does media and information play in a democratic society need to be examined as there is still a dispute regarding the significance and magnitude of mass media in Indian society. Every citizen is entitled to have free access to the knowledge and information they require.The democratic political system depen ds on the efficient, accurate, and complete transmission of social, political, and cultural information in society People should be able to discuss matters of public interest with their equals in order to influence the actions taken in our nation. This ensures genuine participation of individuals in matters of public interest which is in fact the essence of democracy. Thus mass media forms an integral part of democracy as it contributes to those factors that are intrinsic to genuine democracy.Democracy believes in the empowerment of individual and media facilitates it through communication and ensures freedom of expression and freedom of conscience. Democracy and mass media are the two essential components of Indian life. It has accomplished the task of transforming the lives of the people. But to what extent has Indian lives progressed and what advancement has the nation achieved is a matter of concern. Like every coin which has two sides the effects of mass media in Indian democra cy has brought in serious advantages as well as disadvantages.We need to understand the role and functions of media in our nation and the significance of media in democracy. There is a need to analyze mass media and democracy in relation with each other to comprehend the impact of these core aspects. AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH A democratic society permits freedom of speech and expression. We Indians have the freedom to think, freedom to write, freedom to discuss with others, freedom to explain, freedom to criticize and freedom to dissent. Democracy demands the fulfillment of every citizens sound to expression.Media facilitates the process of empowerment of individual by providing an field of study for public debate and by reconstituting private citizens as a public body in the form of public opinion. Nowadays, media provides a platform for every individual to exercise his right of being heard. Innovative talk shows and public discussions organized by the media is now playing a major r ole in the enforcement of the right of freedom of speech and expression guaranteed under Article 19(a) of the constitution. Media in India has tried every possible means to satisfy the democratic ideals.For example, during elections voters are educated and advised to the point where they are able to understand the most important political issues. During all these years the Indian mass media has successfully performed the following functions Supporting documentary news and informative programs so that people can make quick decisions. Cultivating alternative media, so that multiple voices and opinions will be heard. Mobilizing popular participation in the transition process. Multiplying the impact of transition activities by disseminating information on successful local peace and participatory efforts.Let it be any natural calamity or any other disaster we find our reporters there risking their lives to give us information regarding the events taking place in every nook and corn er of the world. There are many instances of Media turning out to be real investigators in cases like the murder of Jessica Lal, Priyadarshini Matoo case, Best Bakery scandal etc. If the media didnt take the initiative to bring out the truth before the public then justice wouldnt have prevailed. The efforts of the media are always concentrated towards lifting the veil to ensure righteousness in society.It uses effective techniques like sting operations, opinion polls etc to portray the reality. Whether it is newspaper, television or internet the objective of every media is to collect, analyze, verify and present information regarding current events, trends, and various other issues of this democratic nation. Democracy believes in protecting the rights of the citizens and limiting the powers of the government. It intends that no one should be discriminated on the basis of their race, religion, ethnic group, or gender. It directs that no one should be arrested, imprisoned or exiled ar bitrarily.No one in a democratic society should be denied their freedom without a fair and public hearing by an impartial court. No one may be taxed or prosecuted except by a law established in advance. The idea of democracy lays in the fact that no one is above the law, not even a king or an elected president. Above all the law is fairly, impartially, and consistently enforced, by courts that are independent of the other branches of government. The contribution by mass media for upholding the above principles of democracy in our society is remarkable.WHEN MONEY RULES over MORALS Tell me, why is the media here so negative. Why are we in India so embarrassed to recognize our own strengths, our achievements? We are such a great nation. We have so many amazing success stories but we refuse to acknowledge them. Why? -Dr. Abdul Kalam This observation made by our former professorship is very true. It is a very sad fact that every morning we have to begin our day with negative news.Indi an mass media often has a angle of dip to exhibit gossip, scandal and violence. The aim of mass media is to sensationalize every piece of information rather than sensitizing them. The Media is usually focused on the lives of celebrities and reality shows instead of concentrating on events of national importance. The lack of media literacy among the pubic also makes matters worse. With the increase in the number of competitors in mass media nowadays we find that a wide range of topics are being discussed among the public.The common man and the celebrities express their opinion, but usually there is no measure taken after that. The issues discussed become stale and after a week a new storyline creeps in bringing in hope and opening up a new avenue. Gone are those days when preferences were given to the selection of news. Media does not believe in newsworthiness anymore. There is a wide opinion among people that media is no more fire in creating citizenship. At times media fails in i ts duty to provide public sphere for dialogue and interaction among the citizens.Political parties started their own channels to highlight their achievements and political news was more about personalities than about their ideologies. In the absence of serious debate, voters are left with paid political propaganda containing only meaningless slogans making them disinterested and distrustful about politics and losing faith in democracy. Forgetting its responsibility to educate the masses media is busy transforming citizens into spectators by offering them pure entertainment. What happened in most of the cases is that Global arguing and profit motive made media forget about democracy.The interests of the advertisers did not coincide with readers, listeners and viewers. Advertisements occupied the pages in newspapers. Media was concentrated on promoting an event or a latest movie which is yet to be released so as to increase its box-office collection. If media was left with the optio n of choosing between either its functions or its survival it would have chosen the latter. elective values and principles were to be buried if advertisement rules media Money ruled over morals and media was no more interested in veracity. CONCLUSIONAfter analyzing the role of media in our democratic society we have come to the conclusion that all these years since its establishment the mass media has worked for the progress and development of our country. All its activities were concentrated to see a fully fledged democratic Indian society. But observations also prove the fact that mass media nowadays prefer to sensationalize news. Media is losing interest in promoting democratic values and principles. Mass media corporations are now concerned about improving the financial position of their organizations.If this continues India can never fulfill its dream to be a developed nation by 2020. So the question arises What next? Well first we need to realize the fact that the problem is neither with the media nor the democratic principles. Media gives us entertainment because we demand it. Media cannot be blamed alone for its showing peoples preferences. So first the attitude of the public should be changed. We should not be bothered about timely pleasure instead our focus should be on long term projects which would take our country to new heights. If you are given the opportunity to express what you want from the media ust think for a while and then decide what you really want. If the media also tries to sensitize news and takes initiative to accomplish its social responsibilities then no one can stop our country from being a strong powerful democratic nation. I nformation on the latest happenings reaches people in just a matter of minutes. The vision of media reaches even the remotest corners of the country and makes sure that everyone is aware of what is going on in the country. The easy and swift availability of any given information makes media one of the mos t reliable sources for forming public opinion.It bridges the gap between the leaders and the masses by becoming their channel of communication. It brings into open the innumerable achievements that are going on in the country. Media gives ordinary people the power to reach out to the society as a whole. It can make heroes out of ordinary men. The media acts as a deterrent on corrupt practices and keeps a check on the working of the government. Media has significantly promoted social causes like literacy, health management, anti-dowry practices, discouraging female feticide, AIDS awareness, etc.Media can adversely affect the thinking capability of individuals and instill negative or destructive thinking patterns in the society as a whole. As already said before, media has the power to form and alter opinions. This means media can portray an ordinary thing so negatively that it may force people to think or act in quite the opposite way. Media glorifies violence and contains graphic d escriptions or images. When viewed by the conquerable portion of the society, i. e. , the children, it can have grave effects on their upcoming and thinking patterns.The media can sometimes go out of the way in advertising or glorifying certain issues. Usually, a bad or detrimental message is packaged in a glorious way and is made accessible to the public. Movies that depict filthy rich thieves who dont bat an eyelid before killing someone or extorting someone and the getting away with it, sure give entertainment to people. At the same time, it encourages them to act in a way that promises adventure and thrill in life. This way, media glorifies the bad aspects of people and encourages them to act in veto ways.One particular article which examined the portrayal of women in Indian television states, Although many of the programs continued to relegate women to the role of either the glamorous host or the traditional housewife, there were many examples of non-traditional roles for wom en. Whereas traditional roles are still portrayed, and certain qualities are equated with feminism, the diversity in female roles can be viewed as an indication that women now have choices to fit into those roles that appeal to them. Through television, a range of options are presented, therefore reflecting the potential flexibility of womens lives.The concern that arises in this case is the sharp reality of Indian culture that is caught between two contradictory gender role portrayals which may either promote female independence, or discourage it altogether. It is therefore important to consider those women who desire liberation, and are held back because they dont coincide with traditional norms and expectations. In recent years, viewers of Indian film and television have witnessed a shift from portrayals of females as innocent and subordinate in nature, into independent sexual beings.While Indias strong traditional heritage has always been significantly characterized by the tra ditional roles of women as homemakers and mothers, the portrayal of women on television has challenged this ideal, and therefore cultivated a new perception of womanhood for the Indian woman. In the 1990s, the Indian ideal of female beauty changed to become more aligned with the Western concept of thin is beautiful. This change can be unhealthy because the average female Indian body type generally includes large hips. It is therefore evident that the increasing popularity of Western norms through television can be equated with the changing attitudes of Indian females and their bodies. The concern here is obviously the potential damage these ideals may inflict upon the health and self esteem of women exposed to such figures. The very concept of woman has been revolutionized by the integration of Western ideals and practices that are seeping into Indian-produced television. Conflicts are therefore surfacing which pertain to the issues of female identity.Similarly, with the recent upro ar of music-based television, Indian youth culture is flourishing into an Indianized group which depends on Western ideals to propel their tastes. This consequently, is creating drifts within the nuclear family structure, and producing a generation gap. The urban middle class, as well as rural villagers are also affected in that they now utilize commodities as a signifier of rank, and these commodities are determined by conglomerate advertising through mainstream India television. Socially, one of the greatest problems plaguing India today is the consequences of Indianization.Indians have eroticized the culture of India to such a degree where they do not realize that they are invariably consuming high priced merchandise at the expense of their own enriched diverse culture. The Indian economy is so motivated by the capital gain from multinationals that they often try to counterbalance the impact of the western images by enforcing radical Nationalistic themes. The growing popularity of television in all parts of India is therefore making way for a homogenized Indian culture whose cultural identity is becoming ever so fragil